RvTismSoblis
kvarTis istoria - eldar bubulaSvili
2006 wels
gamoica profesor eldar bubulaSvilis wigni “saqarTvelos eklesiis siwmindeebi”. naSromSi, qarTul istoriografiaSi, qarTul da
ucxour werilobiT wyaroebze dayrdnobiT, gaSuqebulia saqarTvelos eklesiis wiaRSi
uZvelesi droidan arsebuli da dRemde SemorCenili macxovris, yovladwminda
RvTismSoblis, wm. mociqulTa, wm. mamebisa da wm. giorgis saxelTan dakavSirebuli
wminda nawilebis istoria.
gTavazobT aRniSnuli wignidan erTerT Tavs, romelic RvTismSoblis kvarTis
istorias exeba.
mariam RvTismSoblis saxelTan dakavSirebul
siwmindeTa Soris, romelTac Cvenamde nivTieri saxiT miaRwies, aRsaniSnavia
kvarTi. amJamad igi daculia samegrelos mTavrebis – dadianiseuli sasaxlis bazaze
daarsebul zugdidis muzeumSi. adre igi sxva siwmindeebTan erTad xobis miZinebis
taZris kuTvnilebas warmoadgenda. xobis taZarSi da Semdgom zugdidis istoriul
muzeumSi daculi wminda nawilebis da maT Soris RvTismSoblis kvarTis warmoCenas
didi amagi dasdo saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mier RvTis kacis saxeliT
wmindanad Seracxulma eqvTime TayaiSvilma, mRvdelmonazon-ma kalistratem (CiCua),
l. beraiam, g. kalandiam, a. siWinavam da g. Citaiam. maT saintereso Sromebi
miuZRvnes Cveni sakvlevi sakiTxis Seswavlas.
rogorc Cans, narmisagan naqsovi mariam
RvTismSoblis kvarTi Tavda-pirvelad yvavilebiT unda yofiliyo daCiTuli, rasac
adasturebs masze arsebuli SemorCenili naSTebi. droTa ganmavlobaSi, siZvelis
gamo, kvarTi gaxunebula. amJamad igi Calisferia da tilos ufro waagavs. misi
zomebia: 180 X 150 sm. miuxedavad siZvelisa, RvTismSoblis kvarTi SedarebiT
kargadaa Senaxuli.
zugdidis istoriul muzeumSi arsebuli RvTismSoblis
kvarTi sxva siwmindeebTan erTad (wminda marines mklavi, romelsac aklia didi
TiTi da saCvenebeli TiTis saxsari; wminda kvirikes xeli – aklia neki da
araTiTi; wminda giorgisa da ioane naTlismcemlis Zvlis nawilebi) Casvenebulia
Zlier dazianebul mcire moculobis kuboSi, romelic mkvlevarebis azriT, samegrelos
mTavris, levan II dadianis (1611-1657) dakveTiT daumzadebiaT. wminda nawilebis
Sesanax kuboze arsebuli warwerebi aseTi daskvnis gakeTebis saSualebas ar
iZleva. cnobilma mklevarma da epigrafikosma eqvTime TayaiSvilma 1913 wels fexiT
moiara da aRnusxa samegreloSi daculi siwmindeebi. maT Soris, im droisaTvis jer
kidev xobis miZinebis taZarSi daculi, Cven mier moxsenebuli wminda nawilebi.
mRvdel-monazon kalistrates (CiCua) Semdeg eqvTime TayaiSvilma erT-erTma
pirvelma aRwera da gamoaqveyna mariam RvTismSoblis kvarTisa da sxva siwmindeTa
Sesanax kuboze arsebuli warwera. eqvTime TayaiSvilis dros siwmindeTa sanawile
kolofi iyo ubralo, `vercxliT SeWedili, SuaSi RvTismSoblis saxea, romelsac sami
qva uzis: ori firuzi da erTi iagundi~. eqvTime TayaiSvilis aRwerilobis
mixedviT, siwmindeebis Sesanax kuboze moT-avsebulia mxedruli warwera, romelSic
guriis mTavris, giorgi II gurielis († 1600) Svili, malaqiaa moxsenebuli.
malaqia gurieli SesTxovs xobis RvTismSobels:
1) q: xofis: R(v)Tis mSobelo: adide: or
2) Tave:
Sina, cxorebaTa: amis:
3) Semamkobeli:
gurielis Svili: malaqia: vinca Sendoba brZanoT: Tqvenca:
4) Segindos: RmerTman: amin:~ aRniSnuli warweris
Sesaxeb eqvTime TayaiSvili samarTlianad.
aRniSnavs, rom warweraSi moxsenebuli malaqia
gurieli XVII saukunis pirvel naxevarSi moRvawe cnobili mRvedlmTavaria. igi
erTxans jumaT-caiSisa da Semoqmedis eparqias ganagebda, xolo 1616-1639 wleb-Si
dasavleT saqarTvelos kaTolikosic iyo. sasuliero moRvaweobisas man aaSena da
aRadgina mravali eklesia-monasteri. zemoaRniSnuli warweriT irkveva, rom mas
Seumkia im dros xobis miZinebis monasterSi daculi RvTismSoblis kvarTisa da sxva
siwmindeTa Sesanaxi kubo. warweriT ar irkveva, Tu romel wels Seamko man
siwmindeTa sanawile da agreTve araferia naTqvami misi sasuliero moRvaweobis
Sesaxeb. rogorc wesi, aseTi saxis warweraSi Rvawlis gamRebi, Tuki sasuliero
piri iyo, igi aucileblad Tavisi wodebiT iqneboda mox-senebuli. konkretul
SemTxvevaSi malaqia Tavisi mamis, guriis mTavris, giorgi II-is Zed aris
moxsenebuli da araviTari miniSnebac ki ar arsebobs mis sasuliero Rirsebaze.
SesaZloa, man aRniSnul siwmindeTa Sesanaxi kubo manamde Seamko, sanam igi
sasuliero moRvaweobas daiwyebda, an kidev malaqia gurielma warweraSi sagangebod
ar gamokveTa Tavisi sasuliero wodeba. aseTi gaurkvevlobis miuxedavad, erTi ram
cxadia, XVII saukunis dasawyisSi ukve arsebobda siwmindeTa Casasvenebeli kubo,
riTac dasturdeba is faqti, rom igi samegrelos mTavris levan II dadianis
dakveTiT ar daumzadebiaT.
1862 _ 1882 wlebSi xobis miZinebis monasterSi
moRvawe mRvdelmona-zonma kalistratem (CiCua) dawvrilebiT aRwera aRniSnuli
taZris sიძveleebi. maT Soris
mniSvnelovani adgili dauTmo sanawile kubos aRweras. misi gadmocemiT,
„yovladwmidis RvTis mSoblis kvarTis (per-angi) kubo vercxliT moWedilia, sigrZiT
9 goji, gani 6 goji, simaRle 5 goji~. manve pirvelad gamoaqveyna sanawile kubos
irgvliv, qvemo nawilSi moTavsebuli samegrelos mTavris, levan II dadianis
(1611-1657) dakveTiT, mxedruli anbaniT Sesrulebuli qarTuli warwera:
„q: romeli: mamisagan: saRmrToiTa:. ZaliTa:.
sZlad:. gamoirCie:. da:. misgan:. mxolod:. Sobilisa:. deda:. Seyvarebulad:.
gamoCndi:. farviTa:. yovlad:. wmidisa:. sulisaTa:. Sen: uqorwineblad:. mSobelo
qalwulebiT:. daculo:. mSobelo:. meufebisa:. mxsnelisao:. uxrwnelo:. dedofalo:.
mariam:. romeli:. yovelTa codvilTa:. meoxi:. xar: da:. Semwe:. Sen:.
WeSmarito:. SemZlebelo:. lxinebisao:. saCino:. saxel:. dido:. uxrwne-lo:.
meox:. mxsnelo:. ganmsvenebel:. da cecxlisa:. satanjvelisa:. gan-marinebel:.
eqmen:. dedofals:. nestan-darejans:. asulsa:. WilaZisasa:. romlis:. saukunis:.
saxseneblad:. da:. codvaTa:. misateveblad:. Se-vamke:. da:. movaWedine:.
kvarTisa:. kubo:. ese:. vercxliTa:. oqroT:. dafer-viTa:. Tvali:. margalitiTa:.
xelmwifeman:. dadianman:. patronman:. le-van:. misTvis:. saoxad:. SegimkeT:.
yovlad:. wmindao:. qerabinTa: umaRle-so:. serabinTa:. uaRmatebuleso:. qalwulo:.
yovlad:. sagalobelo:. lxinebao:. yovelTa:. qristeaneTao:. Seismine:. vedreba:.
Cveni:. daixsen:. da:. acxovne:. da:. ganusvene:. da:. akurTxe:. suli:.
nestan-darejanisa:. da:. daamkvidre:. sasufevelsa:. amin: moiWeda:. kvarTis:
kubo ese: qoran-ikonsa:. tk˜:. – 1640 w~.
kalistrate mRvdelmonazonis mier gamoqveynebuli
warweris bolo nawili, sadac misi daweris TariRia miTiTebuli, eqvTime
TayaiSvilis warweraSi saerTod ar aris dafiqsirebuli. amis gamo, igi warweras
misi Sinaarsis mixedviT aTariRebs da daaskvnis, raxan aRniSnuli kubo levan
dadians Seumkia axladgardacvlili meuRlis, nestan-darejanis sulis saoxad,
amitom, eqvTimes azriT, kuboze warwera unda Sesrulebuliyo 1639 _ 1657 wlebs Sua
periodSi, radgan 1639 wels misi meuRle gardaicvala, xolo levan II dadiani –
1657 wels. CvenTvis ucnobia, sanawile kuboze arsebuli warweris am bolo naw-ils
eqvTime TayaiSvilma ratom ar miaqcia yuradReba. cnobil wyaroT-mcodnesa da
epigrafikos eqvTime TayaiSvils SeumCneveli ar unda darCenoda warweris bolo
nawili, miT umetes, rom swored warweris am nawilSia saubari misi daTariRebis
Sesaxeb. rogorc Cans, 1913 wels, roca eqvTimem moinaxula xobis monasteri, am
droisaTvis sanawile kuboze arsebuli warweris es nawili siZvelis gamo ukve aRar
ikiTx-eboda. misTvis, agreTve, ucnobi yofila 1894 wels mRvdel-monazon
kalistrate CiCuas mier gamoqveynebuli xobis miZinebis taZrisadmi miZRvnili
naSromi, sadac aRniSnuli warwera sruli saxiTaa warmod-genili. kargia, rom
ukanasknel periodSi l. beraiasa da g. kalandias mier warmoCenilia da mecnierul
mimoqcevaSia Semotanili mRvdel-monazon kalistrates mier XIX saukunis meore
naxevarSi xobis taZarSi dacul sanawile kuboze arsebuli levan II dadianiseuli
warwera. Tumca manamde, xSirad mkvlevarTa umravlesoba mxolod eqvTime
TayaiSvilis zemoaRwerili masalebiT sargeblobda.
gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebis miuxedavad, malaqia
gurielisa da levan II dadianis mier sanawile kuboze Sesrulebuli zemoaRniSnuli
warwerebi uciloblad adastureben, rom maT SeumkiaT sanawile kubo, romelic,
ueWvelia, manamde gacilebiT adre iyo damzadebuli.
qarTuli werilobiTi wyaroebi mwir cnobebs
gvawvdian mariam RvTism-Soblis kvarTis Sesaxeb. gviani xanis zogierT qarTul
wyaroSi da oriode epigrafikul masalaSia dafiqsirebuli RvTismSoblis kvarTis saqarTveloSi
arseboba. am mxriv, aRsaniSnavia Cven mier zemoganx-iluli kvarTis Sesaxeb
kuboze malaqia gurielisa da levan II dadianis dakveTiT Sesrulebuli epigrafikuli
warwera. RvTismSob-lis kvarTis Sesaxeb agreTve saintereso cnobas gvawvdis XVIII
saukunis istorikosi vaxuSti batoniSvili. igi xobis miZinebis taZris aRwerisas
gvatyobinebs, rom „aq eklesiasa Sina msvenarebs perangi yovlad wmidis
RvTismSoblisa saswaulmoqmedi~.
rogorc vxedavT, oriode qarTuli dokumenturi
masalis garda araviTari cnobebi ar mogvepoveba RvTismSoblis kvarTis
saqarTve-los marTlmadidebeli eklesiisadmi kuTvnilebis Sesaxeb. cnobebi
mogvianebiT, XVII saukuneSi Cndeba. uZveles qarTul werilobiT wyaroebSi mariam
RvTismSoblis kvarTis Sesaxeb informaciis ararseboba imaze metyvelebs, rom igi
adre, bizantiis imperiis damxobamde, ar unda yofiliyo saqarTveloSi. saqmes
arTulebs isic, rom qarTuli werilobiT wyaroebSi araferia aRniSnuli imis Sesaxeb,
Tu rodis, vis mier da ra gziT moxvda RvTismSoblis es udidesi siwminde
saqarTveloSi. Cven mier zemoxsenebuli mRvdel-monazoni kalistrate CiCua Zvel
qarTul wyaroebSi RvTismSoblis kvarTis mouxseneblobis gamo da sanawile kuboze
arsebuli warweris analiziT varaudobs: „unda vi-fiqroT warweridam, rom es
Zvirfasi siwminde-saunje, unda iyos amave levanisagan, im dros, roca igi iyo
ierusalimSi, sadac aRaSena jvaris monasteri da Seswira 100 komli glexi
adgil-mamuliT~. mRvdelmonazon kalistrates mosazreba realur sinamdviles ar unda
asax-avdes, radgan imdroindeli rogorc qarTuli ise ucxouri werilobi-Ti wyaroebi
aRniSnuli faqtis Sesaxeb cnobebs ar gvawvdian.
qarTuli dokumenturi masalisagan gansxvavebiT,
RvTismSoblis kvarTis saqarTveloSi arsebobis Sesaxeb vrceli da saintereso
cnobe-bia daculi XVII-XVIII saukuneebis rusul da evropul werilobiT wyaroebSi,
im periodis saqarTveloSi moRvawe kaTolike misionerebis, evropel mogzaurTa
CanawerebSi, Tu ruseTidan diplomatiuri misiiT Camosuli rusi elCebis
aRwerilobebSi. ucxouri werilobiTi wyaroe-bi, qarTul dokumentur masalasTan
SedarebiT, im mxrivacaa sayuradRebo, rom isini erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebul
sakuTar versiebs gvTavazoben saqarTveloSi wminda nawilebis moxvedris Sesaxeb.
marTalia, es versiebi ufro hipoTezur xasiaTs atarebs, magram sainteresoa im
mxriv, rom ucxoeli avtorebi saqarTveloSi arsebuli siwmindeebis Sesaxeb sakuTar
mosazrebebs afiqsireben.
ucxouri werilobiTi wyaroebidan pirvel rigSi
aRsaniSnavia rusuli werilobiTi wyaroebi. XVII saukunis 40-iani wlebis
dasawyisSi dasavleT saqarTveloSi arsebul xobis monasterSi daculi RvTismSoblis
kvarTisa da sxva wminda nawilebis Sesaxeb metad faseulia 1640 wlis gazafxulze
samegrelos mTavris, dadianis karze myofi rusi elCebis, mRvdel pavle zaxarevisa
da diakon fedoti elCinis vrceli aRwerilobani. rus elCebs xobis monastris
winamZRvris, episkopos nikolozis xelSewyobiT dauTvalierebiaT taZris siwmindeebi.
wminda kvirikesa da wminda marines wminda nawilebTan erTad aRniSnul monasterSi
maT unaxavT RvTismSoblis perangi. rusi elCebi gansakuTrebiT dainteresebulan
RvTismSoblis perangis xilviT. maT misi aRwerac Semogvinaxes. maTi cnobiT, „igi
aris Sekerili mewamuli feris, sqeli tilosagan, grZeli da farToa, saxeloebic
farTo aqvs, kacis xalaTis msgavsi, mxolod sayelo aqvs patara. `rusma elCma,
mRvdelma pavle zaxarevma cnobismoyvareobis gamo nikoloz episkoposs hkiTxa, Tu
ratom aqvs perangs patara sayelo? episkoposs ga-nucxadebia, rom „RvTis nebiT
yovel wels am perangis sayelo pataravdeba~. stumrebi imiTac dainteresebulan, Tu
rodis, vis mier da saidan iqna Camosvenebuli aRniSnuli siwmindeebi. monastris
winamZRvarma, episkoposma nikolozma (mkvlevarTa mosazrebiT igi unda iyos
cnobili diplomati da saeklesio moRvawe nikifore irubaqiZe-Colo-yaSvili)
stumrebis survili ver daakmayofila, radgan misi ganmartebiT, „me didi xani
araa, rac aq var, am Tanamdebobaze da ar vici, saidan da vis mier aris es
wminda nawilebi Camotanilio~.
rusuli wyaroebidan agreTve gansakuTrebiT
aRsaniSnavia XVII sauku-nis 50-ian wlebSi imereTis samefoSi elCad myofi aleqsi
ievlevisa da nikifore toloCanovis vrceli muxlobrivi aRwerilobebi. marTa-lia,
maT xobis monasterSi daculi siwmindeebi ar unaxavT, radgan isini imereTidan
samegrelos samTavroSi ar gadasulan, magram rus elCebs xobis miZinebis taZarSi
arsebuli siwmindeebis detaluri aRwera CauweriaT wminda aTonis mTidan Camosuli
ori berisagan – abesalo-misa da iasafesagan, romlebic saqarTveloSi aTonis
metoqi eklesie-bidan Sesawiravebis Sesagroveblad iyvnen mosuli. 1651 wlis 18
iv-liss aRniSnuli berebi quTaisSi Sexvedrian rus elCebs, nikiforemonazon
kalistrates mier XIX saukunis meore naxevarSi xobis taZarSi dacul sanawile
kuboze arsebuli levan II dadianiseuli warwera. Tumca manamde, xSirad mkvlevarTa
umravlesoba mxolod eqvTime TayaiSvilis zemoaRwerili masalebiT sargeblobda.
gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebis miuxedavad, malaqia gurielisa da levan II dadianis
mier sanawile kuboze Sesrulebuli zemoaRniSnuli warwerebi uciloblad adastureben,
rom maT SeumkiaT sanawile kubo, romelic, ueWvelia, manamde gacilebiT adre iyo
damzadebuli. qarTuli werilobiTi wyaroebi mwir cnobebs gvawvdian mariam
RvTismSoblis kvarTis Sesaxeb. gviani xanis zogierT qarTul wyaroSi da oriode
epigrafikul masalaSia dafiqsirebuli RvTismSoblis kvarTis saqarTveloSi arseboba.
am mxriv, aRsaniSnavia Cven mier zemoganxiluli kvarTis Sesaxeb kuboze malaqia
gurielisa da levan II dadianis dakveTiT Sesrulebuli epigrafikuli warwera.
RvTismSoblis kvarTis Sesaxeb agreTve saintereso cnobas gvawvdis XVIII saukunis
istorikosi vaxuSti batoniSvili. igi xobis miZinebis taZris aRwerisas
gvatyobinebs, rom „aq eklesiasa Sina msvenarebs perangi yovlad wmidis
RvTismSoblisa saswaulmoqmedi~. rogorc vxedavT, oriode qarTuli dokumenturi masalis
garda araviTari cnobebi ar mogvepoveba RvTismSoblis kvarTis saqarTvelos
marTlmadidebeli eklesiisadmi kuTvnilebis Sesaxeb. cnobebi mogvianebiT, XVII
saukuneSi Cndeba. uZveles qarTul werilobiT wyaroebSi mariam RvTismSoblis
kvarTis Sesaxeb informaciis ararseboba imaze metyvelebs, rom igi adre,
bizantiis imperiis damxobamde, ar unda yofiliyo saqarTveloSi. saqmes arTulebs
isic, rom qarTuli werilobiT wyaroebSi araferia aRniSnuli imis Sesaxeb, Tu
rodis, vis mier da ra gziT moxvda RvTismSoblis es udidesi siwminde
saqarTveloSi. Cven mier zemoxsenebuli mRvdel-monazoni kalistrate CiCua Zvel
qarTul wyaroebSi RvTismSoblis kvarTis mouxseneblobis gamo da sanawile kuboze
arsebuli warweris analiziT varaudobs: „unda vifiqroT warweridam, rom es
Zvirfasi siwminde-saunje, unda iyos amave levanisagan, im dros, roca igi iyo
ierusalimSi, sadac aRaSena jvaris monasteri da Seswira 100 komli glexi
adgil-mamuliT~. mRvdelmonazon kalistrates mosazreba realur sinamdviles ar unda
asaxavdes, radgan imdroindeli rogorc qarTuli ise ucxouri werilobiTi wyaroebi
aRniSnuli faqtis Sesaxeb cnobebs ar gvawvdian. qarTuli dokumenturi masalisagan
gansxvavebiT, RvTismSoblis kvarTis saqarTveloSi arsebobis Sesaxeb vrceli da
saintereso cnobebia daculi XVII-XVIII saukuneebis rusul da evropul werilobiT wyaroebSi,
im periodis saqarTveloSi moRvawe kaTolike misionerebis, evropel mogzaurTa
CanawerebSi, Tu ruseTidan diplomatiuri misiiT Camosuli rusi elCebis
aRwerilobebSi. ucxouri werilobiTi wyaroebi, qarTul dokumentur masalasTan
SedarebiT, im mxrivacaa sayura toloCanovs da aleqsi ievlevs, romlebsac
dawvrilebiTi cnobebi miawodes xobis taZarSi daculi siwmindeebis Sesaxeb. rus
elCebs berebis naambobi sityva-sityviT CauweriaT. „am berebma gviambes -
aRni-Snavs aleqsi ievlevi, ruseTis xelisuflebisadmi wardgenil saangariSo
aRwerilobaSi, – rom 1651 wels sadadianoSi, xobis monasterSi viyaviTo.
monasterSi RvTismSoblis miZinebis saxelobis marmarilos narevi qvis saydariao.
saberZneTis mefis erekles agebulio. im saydarSi Zveli droidanve yovlad wminda
RvTismSoblis kvarTia dacu-lio. is RvTismSoblis kvarTi konstantinopolidan aris
erTi wignis mcvelis mier motanilio, roca wminda xatebis devna mimdinareobda
(saberZneTSi), Teofile mefis droso. RvTismSoblis kvarTi maT maqsime kaTalikosma
da golgoTis monastris iRumenma nikiforem aCvena, Turme im dros, roca is,
diakoni iasafe kaTalikosTan erTad wiravda. is kvarTi mitklisagan an wminda
narmisagan unda iyos Sekerilio, mTlad kargad ar dagviTvalierebiao, vgoneb igi
moxatuli iyoo. TviT kvarTs, Saqris feri hqondao. is RvTismSoblis kvarTi vercxlis
kidobanSia daculio da im saydris sakurTxevelSia dadgmulio, mTavris levan
dadianis da kaTalikosis beWdebiT dabeWdilio. roca kaTalikosma berebs (kvarTi)
gviCvenao, am RvTismSoblis kvarTis sigrZe-siganis zoma aviReTo. kvarTis zoma
Cven, nikifores da aleqsis, mogvitanes, sawer qaRaldSi pativiT Sexveuli. TviT
im berebs is zoma kamilavkaSi aqvT Senaxuli da Tavze atareben. nikiforem da
aleqsim berebisagan im kvarTis zomidan CvenTvis zoma aviReT, rom vinicobaa,
momavalSi cnobisaTvis dagvWirdes~.
rusi elCebi aleqsi ievlevi da nikifore toloCanovi
aTonis wmin-da mTidan Camosuli berebis naambobis dazustebas Seecadnen maTi
Tanmxlebi zaqaria mitropolitis meSveobiT. rusma despanebma zaqaria mitropolits
hkiTxes: „unaxavs Tu ara kvarTi~? mitropolitma zaqariam rus elCebs ganucxada,
rom mas RvTismSoblis kvarTi mraval-jer unaxavs, da rom is konstantinopolidan
wignebis mcvels mouta-nia im dros, roca saberZneTSi xatmebrZoleoba
mZvinvarebda. zaqaria mitropolitis ganmartebiT: „is namdvilad yovlad wminda
RvTismSob-lis kvarTiao, da sneulis gankurnebac namdvilad misgan yofilao, mxolod
amJamad yvelaferi Sewyda, imitom, rom dadiani sarwmunoebas ganudga da
mahmadianoba miiRoo~. rusi elCebis gadmocemiT, aTonis wminda mTidan Camosul
berebs xobis monasterSi unaxavT agreTve wm. kvirikes wminda nawili – marjvena
xeli majamde, daculi „iseve rogorc cocxali adamianis~. aqve yofila Zeli
cxovrebis nawilic da sxva siwmindeebi, „magram – maTi ganmartebiT – yvela eseni
miviwyebulia da uyuradRebodaa mitovebuli, arc sanTlebs unTeben da arc galobaa~.
aleqsi ievlevi RvTismSoblis kvarTTan dakavSirebiT ruseTis xe-lisuflebas awvdis
erT saintereso cnobas. mas, rogorc ruseTis saxelmwifos warmomadgenels, zaqaria
mitropolitTan saubrisas sur-vili gamouTqvams, RvTismSoblis kvarTi moskovSi
waeRo. elCis pasuxad zaqaria mitropolits ganucxadebia, rom Tuki aRniSnuli
survilis Sesaxeb ruseTis xelmwife imereTis mefesa da kaTalikoss werilobiT
acnobebs, maSin imereTis xelisufleba „mefis udidebulesobis (igulisxmeba ruseTis
mefe aleqsi mixeilis Ze _ e. b.) am brZanebas Seasrulebso~.
rusi elCebis, aleqsi ievlevisa da nikifore
toloCanovis monaTxrobi CvenTvis bevr saintereso da sagulisxmo cnobebs Seicavs.
maT mier iqna gaxmovanebuli aTonis wminda mTidan gadasaxadebis asakrefad
saqarTveloSi Camosuli berebis, iasafesa da abesalomis mosazreba imis Sesaxeb,
rom, TiTqos, RvTismSoblis kvarTi samegreloSi VIII-IX saukuneebSi,
xatmebrZoleobis dros iqna Semosvenebuli. aRniSnuli mosazreba mxolod varaudis
farglebs ar scildeba, radgan aToneli berebis monaTxrobi sxva werilobiTi
wyaroebiT ar dasturdeba. amis-da miuxedavad, „cxadia, rom zemoT motanili
cnobebi, romelic rus elCebs adgilobrivma informatorebma miawodes, sayuradReboa
im TvalsazrisiT, rom isini yovladwminda RvTismSoblis kvarTis saqarTveloSi
Camosvenebas me-8 saukuneSi xatmebrZolobis xanas ukavSireben~.
ruseTis xelisuflebas xobis miZinebis taZarSi
daculi RvTism-Soblis kvarTisa da sxva siwmindeebis Sesaxeb saintereso cnobebi
miawoda XVII saukunis 60-ian wlebSi saqarTveloSi mamasTan, antioqiis patriarq
makariosTan erTad myofma pavle alepoelma. Tavis mxriv, antioqiis patriarqs
makar antioqiels sagangebod mounaxulebia xobis taZris siwmindeebi, romelTa
Sesaxeb igi aRniSnavs: „aqaur ek-lesiaSi dRemde inaxeba RvTismSoblis kvarTi,
Cven is vnaxeT (vemTx-vieT) da Tavi daviwyalobeT. zustad mis Targze gamovWeriT
perangi TeTri selisagan, aiazma vxadeT da Sig im didebuli kvarTis nawili
CavdeT, mere ki es wyali axal perangs gadavasxiT. es perangi SevinaxeT, raTa
Cvens qveyanaSi wagveRo da RvTismSobelisagan locva-kurTx-eva migveRo~.
antioqiis patriarqis, makariosis aRniSnuli cnoba CvenTvis bevr saintereso
masalas Seicavs. irkveva, rom mas da mis Tanmxleb pirebs xobis miZinebis
taZarSi daculi RvTismSoblis kvarTis asli daumzadebiaT, romelSic originalis
patara naWeric CausvenebiaT, rasac, ueWvelia, igi samSobloSi dabrunebisas Tan
waiRebda. aucilebelia, momavalSi gairkves, Tu ra bedi ewia saqarTvelodan
makarios antioqielis mier gatanil, xobis taZarSi dacul RvTismSoblis kvarTis
asls.
xobis miZinebis taZarSi arsebuli RvTismSoblis
kvarTis Sesaxeb 1669 wels imereTis mefe bagrat III aleqsandres Ze (1660 _ 1678;
1679 _ 1681) ruseTis xelmwifes werda, rom „xobis miZinebis monastris siwmindeTa
da maT Soris, RvTismSoblis kvarTis Sesaxeb saintereso cnobebs gvawvdis XVII
saukunis meore naxevarSi samegreloSi moRvawe kaTolike misioneri iozef maria
Zampi. igi TiTqmis ori aTeuli wlis ganmavlobaSi TeatinelTa misiis prefeqti iyo
samegreloSi. romis papisadmi gagzavnil moxsenebebSi Zampi dawvrilebiT aRwers
qarTvel marTlmadidebel sasuliero pirTa mdgomareobas, zogjer gadaWarbebiT amxels
maT naklovanebebs. iozef maria Zampis SromaSi mniSvnelovani adgili ukavia
marTlmadidebeli qristianuli sarwmunoebis wirva-locvisa da saeklesio
dResaswaulebis aRweras. marTalia, iozef maria Zampis Sexeduleba marTmadidebeli
eklesiis mimarT, rogorc kaTolike sasuliero pir-isa, sxva kaTolike misionerebis
msgavsad, xSir SemTxvevaSi Zalze kritikulad gamoiyureba, magram maT naSromebSi
bevri saintereso pozitiuri masalaa daculi ara marto im dros saqarTveloSi
arsebuli wminda nawilebis, aramed qarTuli saeklesio wes-Cveulebebisa da
reliqviebis Sesaxeb, rac, ueWvelia, maTi memkvidreobis mimarT inter-ess kidev
ufro zrdis.
iozef maria Zampim samegreloSi samisionero
moRvaweobis dros saqarTvelos Sesaxeb dawera vrceli Txzuleba. Tavisi Sroma man
gadasca 1672 wlis Semodgomaze samegreloSi stumrad myof frang mogzaurs Jan
Sardens. am ukanasknelma saqarTvelosa da aRmosavleTis qveynebSi mogzaurobis
Sesaxeb gamoaqveyna saintereso naSromi, romelsac Tan daurTo iozef maria Zampis
Sromac. Cven swored Jan Sardenis wyalobiT vicnobT iozef maria Zampis Sromas.
samegrelosadmi miZRvnil TxzulebaSi iozef maria Zampi calke Tavs uZRvnis
saqarTvelos am kuTxeSi daculi wminda reliqviebis aRweras. igi gaocebuli iyo
imiT, rom samegreloSi bevri wminda reliqvia inaxebo-da, „romlebic maT, pirvel
yovlisa, miiRes im dros, roca aq qristiano-ba yvaoda da maT mTavrebs kavSiri
hqondaT konstantinopolis imperatorebTan, romlebic maT bevr reliqvias
ugzavnidnen saCuqrad~. iozef maria Zampis motanili citatidan kargad Cans, rom
igi SesaniSnav codnas amJRavnebs im qveynis istoriisa, sadac mas uxdeboda
moRvaweoba. rogorc Cans, igi adgilobriv pirTa daxmarebiT garkveul cnobebs
agrovebda saqarTvelos warsulis Sesaxeb, rac mis Sromas namdvilad atyvia. iozef
maria Zampi zedmiwevniT, TiTqmis wyaroebis doneze icnobs saqarTveloSi, kerZod
ki kolxeTSi, qristianobis gavrcelebis istorias.
iozef maria Zampis azriT, saqarTveloSi wminda
reliqviebi sxvadasxva gziT xvdeboda. misi sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, „es reliqviebi
maT miiRes agreTve amave qalaqis (konstantinopolis _ e. b.) sasuliero pirTagan,
romlebic cdilobdnen, es xalxi RvTismosaobaSi ganemtkicebinaT. da bolos,
reliqviebi miiRes im wminda mamaTagan, romelnic Turqebis mier konstantinopolis
aRebis Semdeg mahmadianTa tiraniisagan Tavis dasaRwevad samegreloSi
gadmoixvewnen da gaifantnen mezobel qveynebSi~. adgilobriv pirTa informaciis
gamoyenebiT iozef maria Zampi xobis taZarSi dacul siwmindeTa Sesaxeb aRniSnavs:
„amboben, rom maSin (mxedvelobaSia bizantiis imperiis damxoba – 1453 weli, e.
b.) kolxidaSi Camovidao erTi arqiepiskoposi, Tan Camoitanao erTi mtkavelis
odena naWeri Zeli WeSmariti (franguli funti rva diumze ramdenadme didi) da
kvarTi, romelic maTi TqmiT, RvTismSobels ekuTvnoda~. Zampis moyvanili citatidan
aSkarad Cans, rom igi axmovanebs im droisaTvis samegrelos mosaxleobaSi
gavrcelebul cnobebs _ xobis taZarSi dacul siwmindeTa saqarTveloSi Camosvenebis
Sesaxeb. misive gadmocemiT, samegreloSi moRvawe patrebi xSirad aTva-lierebdnen
am wminda nawilebs. iozef maria Zampi dawvrilebiT aRwers xobis miZinebis
monasterSi arsebul RvTismSoblis kvarTs: „tilo, romlisganac igi aris Sekerili,
yviTeli ferisaa, aqaiq daCiTulia yvavilebiT da moqargulia nemsiT. sigrZiT igi
rva romauli mtkavelis odenaa, ganiT ki – oTxis, aqvs erTi mtkavelis sigrZis
mokle mklavebi da viwro sayelo. mec minaxavs igi xobis eklesiaSi, sadac is
inaxeba~. aqve mas unaxavs sxva siwmindec – „Zvirfasi TvlebiT mooWvil oqros
luskumaSi vnaxe gamxmari mklavi; rogorc amboben, es aris wm. marines mklavi,
vnaxe agreTve wm. kvirikes mklavi da oqroTi Tu vercxliT Semkuli sxva wmindanTa
nawilebi~. Zampis gadmocemiT, RvTism-Soblis kvarTi inaxeboda vercxlis
yvavilovani samkaulebiT Semkul ebanozis yuTSi~. misive cnobiT, amave yuTSi
yofila patara kolofi, romelSic macxovris wveris ramdenime Reri da Solti iyo,
romliTac is igvema. es yuTi mTavris beWdiT iyo dabeWdili. „rodesac es
reliqviebi gvaCvenes – aRniSnavs Zampi – isini noxebze daawyves da ramdenadac
Cven didi mowiwebiT da TayvaniscemiT vexebodiT da viReb-diT maT, imdenad
megrelebi gulgrilad ekidebodnen am reliqviebs. isini ufro luskumis
oqro-vercxlis morTulobas afasebdnen, vidre wminda nawilebs, radgan reliqviebi
mravlad moepovebaT~. ra Tqma unda, arasworia iozef maria Zampis cnoba imis
Sesaxeb, rom samegrelos mosaxleoba gulgrilad iyo ganwyobili wminda nawilebis
mimarT. qarTuli werilobiTi wyaroebiT dasturdeba, rom isini, romlebic didi
RvTismosaobiT gamoirCeodnen, Tayvans scemdnen da mowiwebiT epyrobodnen
qristianul siwmindeebs.
xobis monastris siwmindeebze, kerZod ki RvTismSoblis
kvarTis Sesaxeb, cnoba daculia kaTolike misioner arqanjelo lambertTan, romelic
iozef maria Zampimde – 1633 wlidan 1653 wlamde – samegre-los misionis prefeqti
iyo. arqanjelo lamberti mokled aRniSnavs, rom xobSi „aCveneben RvTismSoblis
perangs~. Zampisagan gansxvavebiT, igi xazgasmiT miuTiTebs, rom xobis taZarSi
dacul siwmindeebs adg-ilobrivi mkvidrni „did pativs scemen~.
xobis monastris siwmindeebi agreTve moxsenebuli
aqvs XVII sauku-neSi saqarTveloSi myof ierusalimis patriarq dosiTeossac.
saqarTvelos eklesiis siwmindeTa daxasiaTebisaTvis
metad sain-teresoa 1633-1654 wlebSi saqarTveloSi moRvawe kaTolike misioneris,
don kristoforo de kastelis naSromi, „cnobebi da albomi saqarTve-los Sesaxeb~.
man Tavisi moRvaweobis didi nawili guriasa da samegreloSi gaatara. misi
memkvidreoba imiTacaa mniSvnelovani, rom kastel-ma mravali Canaxati Semogvinaxa
qarTvelTa yofa-cxovrebis, eklesia-monastrebis, istoriuli pirebis Sesaxeb.
kastelis Canaxatebidan yura-dRebas iqcevs xobis, moqvis, drandis da sxva
qarTuli taZrebi. igi gancvifrebuli iyo qarTuli eklesia-monastrebis
arqiteqturuli stiliT da maT „saocari taZari~ uwoda. mis mier Sesrulebul xobis
monastris Canaxats amSvenebs warwera, sadac aRniSnulia, rom taZris „...SigniT,
lamazad morTuli TaRis qveS, Semonaxulia saTayvanebeli reliqviebi, Cveni uflisa
da RvTis dedis, qalwulis mariamis kvarTebi~. kastelis cnoba, rom xobis taZarSi
RvTismSoblis kvarTTan erTad uflis kvarTic inaxeba, ra Tqma unda, daujerebelia,
magram XVII saukunis Sua xanebisaTvis aseTi cnobis arseboba mainc sain-teresoa,
radgan rusuli wyaroebis mixedviT, amave saukunis pirvel meoTxedSi, TiTqos
Sah-abas I-is mier saqarTvelodan gatanili uflis kvarTi ruseTSi iyo dasvenebuli.
uzustobisa da anaqronizmis miuxedavad, kastelis cnobiT dasturdeba, rom uflis
kvarTi aravis gautania da igi kvlav saqarTvelos kuTvnilebaa.
xobis siwmindeTa Sesaxeb kasteli dasZens, rom „es
reliqviebi, Sesa-Zlebelia, Zvelia, amitom Rirseuladaa Senaxuli erT mTaze. am
mxareSi is didad pativcemulia da ufro sadidebeli iqneboda uflisaTvis, rom is waeRoT
WeSmarit qristianTa Soris. amisaTvis dro ki mqonda..., magram ver Sevasrule,
italiaSi Cemi gamgzavrebis gamo. es SesaZlebe-lia imaTTvis, vinc iq axla miva~.
sxva adgilas kasteli aRniSnavs, rom RvTismSoblis kvarTi „... berZnebma moitanes
(sarkinozebis mier) konstantinopolis aRebis Semdeg. es Cans im warweridan,
romelic Semonaxulia am saunjesTan erTad~. Tu ra warweras gulisxmobs kasteli,
CvenTvis ucnobia, radgan kvarTis Sesanax kuboze arsebuli warwerebi, rogorc
zemoT vuCveneT, aseT cnobebs ar Seicavs.
zemoganxiluli werilobiTi wyaroebidan aSkarad
gamoikveTa saqarTveloSi RvTismSoblis kvarTis Semosvenebis ori versia. zogi-erTi
rusuli wyaros mixedviT, aRniSnuli siwminde saqarTveloSi Semosvenebul iqna VIII
saukuneSi konstantinopolidan wignis mcvelis mier, xatmebrZoleobis dros, xolo
kaTolike misionerebis cno-biT, igi bizantiis imperiis damxobis Semdeg sxva
siwmindeebTan erTad unda moxvedriliyo CvenSi. ufro sarwmuno gveCveneba es
ukanaskneli versia, radgan adreul saukunebSi rom SemoetanaT aRniSnuli siwminde
saqarTveloSi, ueWvelia mis Sesaxeb cnobebi qarTul werilobiT wyaroebSi garkveuli
formiT mainc aisaxeboda. rogorc zemoT aRiniSna, saqarTveloSi RvTismSoblis
kvarTis arsebobis damadas-turebli wyaroebi gviani SuasaukuneebiT (XVII _ XVIII
s.s.) TariRdeba, rac, ueWvelia, imaze metyvelebs, rom igi SedarebiT gvian gaxda
saqarTve-los eklesiis kuTvnileba. ukanasknel periodSi istorikosma g. kalandiam,
ucxour werilobiT wyaroebze dayrdnobiT, sagangebod Seiswavla RvTismSoblis
kvarTis istoria. kvlevis Sedegebi saintereso aRmoCnda. misi daskvniT, bizantiis
imperiis damxobamde RvTismSoblis kvarTi konstantinopolis kuTvnilebas
warmoadgenda.
erT-erTi saeklesio tradiciis mixedviT, mariam
RvTismSobels miZinebis win kvarTi keTilmsaxuri ebraeli qalwulisaTvis dautovebia
da uTxovia, rom sikvdilis moaxloebisas is sxva qalwulisaTvis gadaeca.
RvTismSoblis danabarebi zedmiwevniT sruldeboda, ris gamoc es siwminde am ojaxSi
Taobidan Taobas gadaecemoda. V saukunis meore naxevarSi bizantiis imperator
leon didis (457 _ 471) Zmebi, cnobili saeklesio moRvaweebi kandidi da galviosi,
roca konstantinopolidan gamgzavrebulan ierusalimSi wminda adgilebis mosalocad,
maT nazareTSi, erT-erTi qaliSvilis saxlSi uamravi avadmyofi unaxavT, romlebic
Turme kidobanSi Casvenebuli siwmindis ZaliT ikurnebodnen. momxdari saswaulebiT
gakvirvebul stumrebs qalwulma uambo Cven mier zemoT moTxrobili gadmocema
RvTismSoblis kvarTis Sesaxeb. wminda adgilebis molocvis Semdeg ukan
dabrunebulma Zmebma galviosma da kandidma, RvTismSoblis kvarTis motacebis
mizniT, saidumlod daamzades zustad iseTive kidobani, romelSic RvTismSoblis
kvarTi inaxeboda. konstantinopolisaken mimavalma Zmebma sagangebod gaiares
ebraeli qaliSvilis saxlSi, Cumad wamoiRes namd-vili kidobani kvarTTan erTad.
axali siwmindis misvenebiT gaxarebulma imperatorma igi 474 wels vlaqernis
RvTismSoblis taZarSi daasvena, sadac igi saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi inaxeboda.
konstantinopolis sapatriarqom RvTismSoblis kvarTis palestinidan bizantiis
dedaqalaqSi gadmosvenebis aRsaniSnavad sazeimo dRe - 2 ivlisi daawesa, daiwera
ramdenime xatic. Cvenamde moaRwia am Temaze Seqmnil-ma rusulma xatebma. am
mxriv, aRsaniSnavia, XVI saukunis Sua xanebSi novgorodis skolis warmomadgenlis
mier dawerili xati. moskovSi arsebobs agreTve vlaqernis taZarSi mariam
RvTismSoblis kvarTis dasvenebis saxelobis XV saukuniT daTariRebuli eklesiac.
konstantinopolSi, vlaqernis taZarSi dabrZanebuli
RvTismSob-lis xati mraval saswauls axdenda. erT-erTi wyaros mixedviT, VII
saukunis 20-ian wlebSi, im dros, roca herakle keisari (610 _ 641) salaSqrod
kavkasiaSi imyofeboda da sparselebis winaaRmdeg ibrZo-da, sparselTa da skviTTa
armia konstantinopols miadga. qalaqis dacva iTava imxanad konstantinopolis
patriarqma sergim. man morwmune erTan da samRvdeloebasTan erTad vlaqernis
taZridan gamoasvena „xelTuqmneli xati uflisa da macxovrisa Cuenisa ieso
qristesi da samoseli igi wminda˜ yovlad ubiwo˜sa RmrTis mSobelisa˜B da sauflo˜
da cxovelmyofeli Zeli juarisa˜~. aRniSnuli siwmindee-biT patriarqi sergi
samRvdeloebasTan erTad mters qalaqis karibWesTan miegeba. cremlmoreuli patriarqi
RmerTs evedreboda: „aRdegRmerTo da ganabnien yovelni mterni Senni, da viTarca
rai kuamlni moakldnen igini, da dadnen da ganqardnen igini, viTarca ra˜ cvili
winaSe pirsa cecxlisasa, da egreT warwydnen RmerTis moZuleni igi pirisagan
Senisa, xolo monani Senni mxiarulebiT gakurTxebdnen da gigalobdnen Sen~.
RmerTma Seismina konstantinopolis patriarqis sergis vedreba da mteri damarcxda.
qarTvel sasuliero pirebs RvTism-Soblis kvarTis SewevniT moxdenili es saswauli
XI saukuneSi dawvrilebiT aRuweriaT. 1903 wels mRvdelma polievqtos
karbelaS-vilma 1042 wliT daTariRebuli „RvTismSoblis mier saswaulebrivi xsna
konstantinopolisa sparsTa da skiTTa zedamosvlisagan 625 _ 632 w.w.~, beWduri
saxiT gamosca. am saswaulis moxdenis Semdeg konstantinopolis patriarqs sergis
dauweria RvTismSoblis daujdomeli. wyaroebSi RvTismSoblis kvarTis sxva
saswaulebis Sesaxebacaa saubari. es saswaulebi VII _ IX saukuneebiT TariRdeba,
rac imaze metyvelebs, rom am droisaTvis RvTismSoblis kvarTi konstantinop-olSi,
vlaqernis taZarSi iyo dasvenebuli. XI _ XIV saukuneebis ucxouri werilobiTi
wyaroebiT dasturdeba, rom RvTismSoblis kvarTi isev konstantinopolSi inaxeboda.
XIV saukunis moRvawe nikifore kalista pirdapir miuTiTebs, rom RvTismSoblis
kvarTi konstanti-nopolSi vlaqernis taZris kuTvnileba iyo da mis saxels mravali
saswauli da kurneba ukavSirdeba. konstantinopolSi myofi rusi mitropoliti pimeni
saintereso cnobas gvawvdis RvTismSoblis kvarTis Sesaxeb. 1387 wels, vlaqernis
taZarSi yofnis dros mas Tayvani ucia im kidobnisaTvis, romelSic RvTismSoblis
kvarTi da sartyeli iyo Casvenebuli.
Cven mier zemoT motanili masala aSkarad
metyvelebs imaze, rom RvTismSoblis kvarTi saqarTveloSi bizantiis imperiis
damxobis Semdeg unda Semosvenebuliyo, magram Tu rodis da vis mier iqna igi
samegreloSi Semotanili, amis Sesaxeb wyaroebi utyuar cnobebs ar iZlevian.
mxolod is viciT, rom XVII saukuneSi aRniSnuli siwminde xobis miZinebis taZris
kuTvnileba gaxda. gadmocemis mixedviT, es is kvarTia, romelic RvTismSobels
Sobis Rames emosa. SesaZloa, es kvarTi emosa mas elisabedTan Sexvedris drosac.
xobis miZinebis taZarSi daculi yovladwminda
RvTismSoblis kvar-Ti gamoirCeoda Tavisi saswaulmoqmedebiT da kurnebiT. erT-erTi
gadmocemis mixedviT, 1855 wels samegreloSi SemoWril osmalebs omer faSas
meTaurobiT xobis monastris midamoebi saomar asparezad gauxdiaT. SeSinebuli
mosaxleoba da sasuliero pirebi mTebSi gaxiznu-lan. mxolod erTaderTi beri, petre
Jordania darajobda monasters, osmalebs monasteri rom ar daewvaT. momxvdurebs
gadawyvetili hqondaT, monasteri iaraRis sawyobad gadaeqciaT, magram maT erT
saRamos saswauli ixiles: monasters naTeli hfaravda. momxdari saswauli gaxiznuli
mosaxleobis da sasuliero pirebis locviT gancxadda. SeSinebulma Turqebma
momxdari TavianT sardlobas acnobes da gadawyvites, aRniSnuli monasteri
daetovebinaT.
meore saswaulis Sesaxeb saintereso cnobas
gvawvdis erT dros am monastris mosamsaxure, mRvdelmonazoni kalistrate CiCua.
misi gadmocemiT, 1891 wels xobis monasteri gautexiaT da RvTismSoblis kvarTi
sanawile kubosTan erTad gautacniaT. xalxma gaigo Tu ara momxdaris Sesaxeb, alya
Semoartya taZars da gaiZaxoda: „nurc beri, nurc eri nuRa viqnebiT cocxali, Tu
es siwminde dagvekargao~. sami dRis Semdeg „es kvarTis kubo, xeluxleblad
monastris maxlobel alagze buCqSi daesvena, sadac Ramis wyvdiadSi zecidam TiTqo
cecxlis naperwklebi gadmosdiso. es SeniSnes Ramis mogzaurT da soflis mcxovrebT,
mividnen da ipoves es kubo, win sanTliT~. am saswaulis Semdeg xalxs,
kalistrates gadmocemiT, kidev ufro „gauorkecda umetesi sasoeba da siyvaruli
yovlad wmidis qalwulis mariamisadmi. samadlobeli paraklisis Semdeg xalxma
daadgina ganaCeni, raTa xobSi mudam iyvnen sam-sami kaci Ramis yaraulebad
xalxis angariSze, kvarTis usafrTxoebis gamo~.
saqarTvelos gasabWoebamde RvTismSoblis kvarTi
xobis miZinebis taZris kuTvnileba iyo. bolSevikuri reJimis damyarebis Semdeg,
1922 _ 1936 wlebSi xobis taZarSi daculi siwmindeebi, maT Soris RvTismSob-lis
kvarTic, 1921 wlis 1 maiss akaki Wanturias iniciativiT daarsebul dadianebis
sasaxlis bazaze gaxsnil zugdidis istoriul muzeums gadaeca. muzeumis sainventaro
wignSi igi Cveulebriv eqsponatad iyo gatarebuli. mxolod ramdenime
pirovnebisaTvis iyo cnobili, Tu ra siwmindes warmoadgenda igi. muzeumSi
davanebulma siwmindem dRis sinaTle 1990 wlis Sobis dRes ixila, rodesac
adgilobrivi mrevlisa da zugdidis istoriuli muzeumis TanamSromelTa ZalisxmeviT
pirvelad gadaasvenes kvarTi iqve axlos mdgar vlaqernis xatis saxelo-bis
eklesiaSi. amis Semdeg aRniSnuli siwminde isev muzeums daubrunda. 1990 wlidan
moyolebuli, yoveli wlis 2 (15) ivliss, rodesac msoflios marTlmadidebeli samyaro
zeimobs yovladwminda RvTismSoblis wminda samoslis vlaqernis (konstantinopoli)
taZarSi dadebis dResaswauls, qristianobis am udides siwmindes muzeumidan
droebiT gamoabrZaneben xolme, zugdidis vlaqernis xatis saxelobis sakaT-edro
taZarSi daasveneben da morwmuneebi Tayvans scemen mas.
dResac RvTismSoblis kvarTis ZaliT mravali
saswauli aResruleba. erT-erT aseT saswauls adgili hqonda 2000 wels, roca
kvarTis qsovilze gamoisaxa macxovris saxe, romelic kinostudia „mematianis~
operatorebma g. rogavam da d. asaTianma kinofirze daafiqsires.
